Sustainability of Complexes and Residential Buildings in the Architecture of Sana`a Old City and Use it in Contemporary Architecture

الملخص

Despite the diversity and variation in Yemen’s climate which includes several climatic regions: hot humid, temperate, hot-dry arid, semi-arid climates, most of the traditional Yemeni’s cities architecture has contributed to a great extent in satisfying the inhabitants requirements and at same time adapted to the surrounding natural environment. Yemen has largely preserved its traditional heritage and unique organic architecture that are characterized by using available local materials, blending with the climate, adapting to the environment, achieving comfort to its inhabitants, and contributing to the management of water usage and waste recycling. The old city of Sana`a is a living example of one of the most important traditional Yemeni cities, which features a unique architecture. The research aims to evaluate the elements of sustainability of complexes and Residential  in the Architecture of Sana`a Old City, which is characterized by an environment mountainous and temperate climate semi-dry most months of the year and cold winters, this has led to the emergence of a special Architectural Old City of Sanaa tried through which to achieve the elements of sustainability in urban and architectural side and to achieve the objective of this research will be presented and analyzed various sustainability applications that have been adopted in the city of Sanaa, in terms of observance of the climatic conditions and the surrounding environment, and how she was able to meet the requirements of the occupants and check their comfort. The paper deals with the urban fabric of the city of different architectural and processors that have been used in communities and residential buildings, in particular, and explaining some of the possible ways to take advantage in contemporary Yemeni architecture by adopting and developing ways of achieving the elements of sustainability used in communities and residential buildings in building traditional Sana'a city and its application in contemporary architecture.

Keywords: Sustainability, Complexes and residential buildings, Traditional architecture, Old City of Sana`a, Architectural elements, Contemporary architecture.